Family Timeline - jatslegacy.com

September 29, 2024

Solanki Gotra Legacy

Ram Sarup Joon writes that the Ahlawat and Joon gotras trace their lineage to a branch of the Solanki dynasty, which ruled Kaliani and Watapi (Vatapi) in South India from the 5th to 12th century AD. They were in constant conflict with Raja Rajendra Chola, who attacked them with an army of 100,000 soldiers during the reign of Raja Satish Raj Solanki, seizing much of their kingdom.

In 1052 AD, a new ruler from this dynasty named Ahumal, titled Sameshwar I and Raj Raja, emerged to reclaim their lost territories. He launched a successful campaign against the Chola kingdom, conquered it, and married Umang Devi, the Chola king’s daughter. Ahumal established his new capital at Bangi, situated along the Tungabhadra River. He ruled until his death in 1068 AD, and his lineage became known as the Ahlawat dynasty.

Generations later, Bisaldev from this lineage migrated north and settled in Nanhakhera (Seria) near Dighal in Rohtak district. He had four sons—Olha, Ahlawat, Birmhan, and Pehlawat—after whom four new gotras originated, spread across 30 villages around Dighal. An ancient pond named Birmala, after Birmhan, remains revered in Seria.

Regarding the Solanki lineage, Ram Swarup Joon also notes that the Solankis, originally called Chalukyas, are considered Suryavanshi Rajputs. However, an inscription in the Vir Narayana temple in Dharwar indicates they were Chandravanshi, ruling from 1029 to 1063 AD. According to another inscription found in Barnagar, Gujarat, they belonged to the Bhadra gotra.

Solankis were originally based in southern India but later expanded their rule over Soron, Ayodhya, Gujarat, Delhi, Rajasthan, and Maharashtra. They had ties with Harsh Vardhan, the Bhatti Jats, and the Virk Jats of Malwa. Bhim Singh Dahiya further traces the origins of the Solgi, Solanki, Sulika, and Chulika clans to the Sulikas and Chulikas mentioned in the Puranas. These clans are thought to have migrated from the region around the Oxus River in Turkistan, with connections to the Gandhara and Vokkana regions.

The Solanki-Chalukya connection is further reinforced by inscriptions, including one from the Haraha inscription of Isanavarman Maukhari in the 6th century AD. Eventually, the Chalukyas and Solankis merged identities, with the original word “Sulik” evolving into “Chulik,” leading to the claim that the Chalukyas were born from the palm (Chuluk) of Brahma during a fire sacrifice at Mount Abu.

The Soharot gotra is also believed to have branched from the Solankis, with King Saur of the Solanki dynasty lending his name to the gotra.

September 16, 2024

Chahal Gotra Legacy

Reference: Anoop Singh Chahar, Jat Society Agra, November 2013, pp. 26-27

According to ancient history, during the 4th century, the Chahal clan (known as “Chol” to European historians) were rulers in Gurargan, located in Dahistan, Central Asia, east of the Caspian Sea. In 438-439 CE, the Persian Emperor Yazdgerd II launched a campaign against the Chahals. In the grassy plains of Dahistan, the Chahals managed to kill the Emperor’s soldiers in their own camp. In 440 CE, Yazdgerd III defeated the Chahals in battle. It is believed that the Chahals arrived in India, possibly in the 5th century. They are pronounced both as “Chahal-Chahal” and “Chahar-Chahar.”

The Chahals are known by various names: “Geek” in the Middle East, “Chol” in South India, and “Chahar” in China, Mongolia, and Braj (India). In Punjab, Haryana, and Pakistan, they are referred to as “Chahal-Chahal.” The Chahals can be found across different religions, including Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, and others, both in India and abroad.

The Chols are mentioned in various ancient texts, including the Ramayana, Mahabharata, the accounts of Megasthenes, Ashoka’s inscriptions, and other scriptures.

The Chahar branch of the Chol Jat clan was known to have ruled in South India during the Ramayana period. By the Mahabharata era, their kingdom extended into the northern regions as well.

In the Mahabharata, Book of the Forest, Chapter 48, the king of the Chola country is recorded as having made a significant donation to the Rajasuya Yagna of Maharaja Yudhishthira.

Mahabharata Sabha Parva, Chapter 24, mentions that Arjuna had conquered the Chola kingdom among other northern regions.

Mahabharata Bhishma Parva, Chapter 10, describes the geography of India, including the Chola state along with the southern kingdoms.

Mahabharata Bhishma Parva, Chapter 46, includes the Chola king among the southern rulers.

In the 8th century, the Chola dynasty ruled over the Jats in South India, encompassing most of Tamil Nadu and Mysore.

In the 9th century, the Chola dynasty established itself over the remnants of the Pallavas. The founder of this dynasty was Vijayapala Narkesari (850-891 CE), with its capital at Tanjap (Tanjore or Thanjavur). The dynasty produced several valorous kings, including Rajendra Chola II (1051–1063 CE) and Rajaraja (1063–1070 CE). After Kulottunga (1070–1120 CE), the Chola rulers weakened. By the 14th century, the Chola dynasty was defeated by the Chalukyas and Malik Kafur.

Chahal Jat Clan in Dahistan

The Chahal Jat clan ruled over the region of Dahistan (around the Caspian Sea). They were defeated by Yazdgerd III in 440 CE. The population of Chahal Jats is spread across several districts in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, and Haryana. In Punjab, many are Sikh, while in other regions, Chahal Jats follow various religions, including Islam and Christianity.

September 13, 2024

Babariya Gotra’s Legacy

Origin of Babaria Village

Babaria (Jat Gotra – Babaria): The village of Babaria is located in the Noamundi block of the West Singhbhum district in Jharkhand. The Babaria clan has deep roots and historical significance in this region.

Connection to Bavaria, Germany

There is a notable historical link between the name Babaria and the region of Bavaria in Germany, although this connection appears to be more symbolic and linked to broader migratory patterns and cultural exchanges over time.

Historical Background

Ram Sarup Joon’s Account: According to Ram Sarup Joon, approximately 70 Jat clans joined forces with the Gujars and began identifying themselves as Gujars. The Babars were one such group that made this transition.

H.A. Rose’s Description of the Babars: H.A. Rose describes the Babars as a small tribe related to the Sheranis, believed to have descended from Dom, a grandson of Sherainai. The tribe is divided into two main branches: Mahsand and Ghora Khel, which further split into several sub-divisions.

The Babars are a well-established and literate tribe known for their commitment to commerce. They are regarded as the wealthiest and most honest tribe in the sub-Sulaiman plains. British officer Herbert Edwardes even referred to them as the most superior race in the entire trans-Indus region. A popular saying highlights their wisdom: “A Babar fool is a Gandapur sage.”

Democratic in nature, the Babars have never had a recognized leader, and the tribe is widely dispersed, with many residing in Kandahar and other parts of Khorasan as traders. While some still engage in the traditional powinda trade, the tribe’s primary settlements were established in the 14th century when they displaced Jat and Baloch populations from the plains. Their central hub is in Chaudwan, and many of their outlying villages are now occupied by Jat and Baloch tenants.

September 12, 2024

Sogaria Gotra’s Legacy

Sogdiana (सोग्डिआना = सुग्ध) was an ancient civilization of the Iranian people and a province of the Achaemenid Empire. The city of Samarkand was known as Marakanda when Alexander the Great captured it in 332 BC, and it served as the capital of Sogdiana at that time. Sogdiana is mentioned eighteenth in the Behistun Inscription of Darius the Great and is listed as the second of the “good lands and countries” created by Ahura Mazda in the Zoroastrian Vendidad, highlighting its historical importance.

Geographically, Sogdiana covered areas around modern-day Samarkand, Bukhara, Khujand, Panjikent, and Shahrisabz in present-day Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Its inhabitants, the Sogdians, were an Eastern Iranian people who are among the ancestors of the modern Tajik, Pashtun, and Yaghnobi peoples. The Sogdian states, although politically fragmented, were primarily centered around Samarkand. Sogdiana was situated north of Bactria, east of Khwarezm, and southeast of Kangju, lying between the Oxus (Amu Darya) and Jaxartes (Syr Darya) rivers, encompassing the fertile Zeravshan Valley.

Sogdiana served as a buffer region, protecting the Achaemenid Persians from the nomadic Scythians to the north and east. The Sogdian Rock, also known as the Rock of Ariamazes, was a fortress captured by Alexander the Great in 327 BC after suppressing Sogdian resistance. He united Sogdiana with Bactria into a single satrapy, leading to the decline of Sogdian military power. Following this, Sogdiana became part of the Hellenistic Greco-Bactrian Kingdom for about a century. Despite brief periods of sovereignty under rulers like Euthydemus I and Eucratides, the region eventually fell to nomadic invaders, including the Scythians and Yuezhis, around 150 BC.

Variants of the Name:

Sogdiana and Sogdianians: Mentioned in “Anabasis” by Arrian (pages 155, 199-206, 215, 235-240, 284, 378).
Sogdians: Referenced in “Anabasis” by Arrian (page 341).
Sughdha (सुग्ध): The Sanskrit name for the region, also known as Ramanaka (रमणक) or Rochaka (रोचक) in Sanskrit; corresponds to the Greek name Sogdiana (सोग्डियाना), the modern city of Samarkand in Uzbekistan.
Sugdha (सुग्ध): As cited in “AS,” page 972.
Sogdia: Another variant of the name.
Suguda: The Old Persian form.
Sogdiana: The widely recognized historical name.

September 11, 2024

Tevatia Gotra’s Legacy

he Tevatia (तेवतिया), also spelled Tewatia (तेवतिया), Teotia (तेवतिया), Tevathiya (तेवथिया), and Tevathi (तेवथि)/(तेवाथी), is a clan or gotra primarily found among the Jats in the Indian states of Haryana, Rajasthan, and Western Uttar Pradesh. Their population is mainly concentrated in districts such as Faridabad, Gurgaon, Bulandshahr, Bharatpur, Chittorgarh, Mathura, Ghaziabad, Aligarh, and Muzaffarnagar. There are also Tevatia settlements in Bagpat, Bijnor, Moradabad, and Nainital districts, as well as in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.

Origin: The name Tevatia is linked to several geographic and historical entities. It is believed that the Tapti River is named after the Tevatia gotra. Similarly, the Teviot River in Scotland is thought to be named after the Tevatia gotra. Additionally, the Tevatia gotra is associated with certain branches of the Shivi Gotra: 1) Shivahote, 2) Tevatia, and 3) Bhataunia.

History: According to Ram Swarup Joon, during the Mughal period, the Tevatia Jats migrated from Multan and settled in villages named Tewathi in the Gurgaon district. They refer to themselves as Shavi Jats, and their largest village is Bhattona.

Historian B.S. Dahiya references the discovery of coins at Ujjain, which have inscriptions in ancient Brahmi script. One of these coins features a river with a fish and the legend Tubathi or Turbathi, which may be related to the dynastic name Turvasha. This coin’s symbols, representing water and earth, are traditional symbols associated with the Jats. Some speculate that the Tevatia Jats might have arrived in India during the Achaemenid era, given the similarity to the Scythian goddess Tabiti.

The Tevatia Jats traditionally believe their origins trace back to a village named Tevti or Teoti. This name is found in Bharatpur and near Ujjain, and the Tapti River is also believed to be named after this gotra. Additionally, the name Tibet is thought to derive from this gotra.

In Europe, a similar name, Teuton, is associated with ancient tribes, and the Tevatia Jats are believed to have migrated to India around the 5th century B.C. during the Mauryan period from Iran. The term Tevatia does not have a meaning in Hindi or Sanskrit, but in Persian, it translates to “Goddess of Fire.” The Chinese term Tao, which suggests ‘greatness,’ bears a resemblance.

The village Janoothar in Bharatpur (Rajasthan) is over 2,400 years old, and John Paul Tewatia founded Janauli village in Palwal (Haryana) over 2,000 years ago. About 900 years ago, some Tewatia Jats crossed the Yamuna River and established Bhatona village in Gulawthi (Bulandshahr, UP). The names Palwal and Batana have Persian origins, and Bhatona is known for the Temple of Dagre Wale Baba, which attracts thousands of devotees annually during Diwali and Holi. Sarju Baba, born in Bhatona, attained samadhi at the temple site.

Dalip Singh Ahlawat provides further insights into the Tevatia Jats, noting that their ancestral clan was Shivi Gotra, a Vedic-era Jat gotra. According to Ahlawat, a notable leader from Tibet (now Tirpat) established the Ballabhgarh state and renamed the clan Tevatia. His descendants settled in various villages, including Jinouli, Nangla, Tirsan, and others. Although the British ended the Ballabhgarh state during the 1857 rebellion, the Tevatia Jats later established a new estate in Bhatona, Bulandshahr. This estate was founded by a Jat leader named Bahariya, a brother of Balram Singh, who fortified Ballabhgarh. The Tevatia Jats expanded their settlements, cultivating new lands and establishing numerous villages.

Today, the Tevatia Jats, also known as Bhatounia, are spread across 60-70 villages. Their contributions to British India were significant, and they are also known for their patriotism and role in the country’s independence struggle. Notably, Chaudhary Charan Singh, a former Prime Minister of India and a prominent leader of farmers, belonged to this gotra.

September 8, 2024

Punia Gotra Legacy

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Punia

Origin and History of the Poonia Clan: Dileep Singh Ahlawat

Dileep Singh Ahlawat writes that the realm of Lord Shiva extended from Mount Kailash to Kashi, including the Shivalk (the hills of Shiva’s matted locks) and Haridwar.

During this period, the Puruvanshi King Veerbhadra ruled over Talakhapur, near Haridwar. This region was also referred to as Shiva’s locks. King Veerbhadra was a follower of Lord Shiva. When Shiva received news of Sati’s death, he visited King Veerbhadra’s court in anger, cast off his matted locks, and ordered Veerbhadra to punish King Daksha. Veerbhadra, with his army and followers, attacked Kanakhal and killed Daksha. Today, a railway station named Veerbhadra stands at the site of this great warrior, located two miles before Rishikesh on the railway line from Haridwar to Rishikesh. The Indian government has established a large pharmaceutical factory at this Veerbhadra site. King Veerbhadra’s domain was where the Ganges River descends from the mountains to the plains. According to the Puranas, the Ganges emerges from Shiva’s matted locks. This means that Emperor Bhagirath brought the Ganges from Shiva’s locks or hills to the plains at Haridwar.

It is also pertinent to describe the Jat Ganga, which is as follows:

At Bhairon Valley, located six miles below Gangotri, the Bhagirathi Ganges flows from the northeast, and the Neelganga (Jat Ganga) flows from the northwest, merging at this point. The dry area between their confluence is called Bhairon Valley. The right bank of Jat Ganga is known as ‘Lanka’. The water of Jat Ganga is so pure that it contains no sand particles, whereas Bhagirathi’s water is muddy. Even after their confluence, the waters of both rivers remain visibly separate for a long distance. The water of Jat Ganga is clear and blue, hence its name. According to sages and ascetics, Bhagirathi Ganga was excavated by Emperor Bhagirath, and Jat Ganga was dug out by the Jats, hence its name. The northern part of this Jat settlement was relocated by the Indian government during the China war and resettled near Harsal village. The Jats established their village by the Ganges, naming it Baghauri. This village stretches about 300 meters along the riverbank and consists of approximately 250 houses. The people are of Aryan descent, with beautiful men, women, and children. They follow Buddhism and have a Buddhist temple in their village. They raise sheep and goats and trade wool with Tibet. They weave woolen clothes in their homes.

Note: Harsal village is located about seven miles downstream from the confluence of the two Ganges on the right bank. Baghauri village is adjacent to Harsal.

The historical element hidden within the tale of Jat origins like Veerbhadra and others is:

From the Chandravanshi Emperor Yayati’s son Anu, in the 9th generation, came King Ushinar, whose many sons included one named Shiva (refer to Chapter 1 for Anu’s genealogy). This renowned generous Emperor Shiva gave rise to the Shivivanshi clan, which is a Jat lineage (gotra). The detailed description of this Chandravanshi Shiva Jat lineage will be provided in Chapter 3.

The Puruvanshi King Veerbhadra was a Jat ruler, and his Shivivanshi followers were located in the Shivalk hills. His capital was Talakhapur, near Haridwar. According to the Shiv Puran, significant Jat gotras originated from Veerbhadra’s descendants.

The lineage of Veerbhadra, as noted in the Rajvansh history of Rana of Dholpur Jat, includes the following:

Veerbhadra’s five sons and two grandsons established various Jat lineages (Jat history, p. 83, author Lieutenant Ramsaroop June):

Yayati
- Veerbhadra
  - (1) Paunbhadra (Poonia gotra)
  - (2) Kalhanbhadra (Kalhan gotra)
  - (3) Atisurabhadra (Anjana gotra)
  - (4) Jakhbhadra (Jakhad gotra)
  - (5) Brahmabhadra (Bhimeroliya gotra)
  - (6) Dahibhadra (Dahiya gotra)

Paunbhadra’s name gave rise to the Paunia (Poonia) gotra. This Jat gotra is found in Haryana, Rajasthan, Braj, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Pakistan.

Kalhanbhadra’s name led to the Kalhan Jat gotra, present in Kathiawar and Gujarat.

Atisurabhadra’s name resulted in the Anjana Jat gotra, found in Malwa, Mewar, and Pakistan.

Jakhbhadra’s name gave rise to the Jakhad Jat gotra, which is widespread in Haryana, Rajasthan, Punjab, Kashmir, and Pakistan.

Brahmabhadra’s name resulted in the Bhimeroliya Jat gotra. Jats of this gotra ruled in Dholpur. The lineage of rulers from Veerbhadra to the Dholpur kings is recorded in the Dholpur Rajvansh. This Jat gotra is found in Haryana, Haridwar region, Punjab, Jammu-Kashmir, and Pakistan.

Dahibhadra’s name gave rise to the Dahiya Jat gotra, found in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, and Central Asia.

Note: The aforementioned names and gotras emerged from the Chandravanshi Kshatriya Aryan lineage.

September 8, 2024

Sinsinwar Legacy

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sinsinwar

Arrian writes that Darius sent Sisines, a trusted Persian courtier, to the coast under the pretense of visiting Atizyes, the viceroy of Phrygia. In reality, Sisines was sent to communicate with Alexander and offer him a deal: if he would kill King Alexander, Darius would make him the king of Macedonia and grant him an additional 1,000 talents of gold. However, Sisines was captured by Parmenio, who learned of the true purpose of his mission. Parmenio immediately sent Sisines under guard to the king, who received the same information from him. The king then gathered his advisors to deliberate on how to handle this situation with Alexander.

Ram Swarup Joon writes about Chhonkar and Sansanwal: This is the gotra (clan) of the Bharatpur ruling dynasty. Their original gotra is Yadu. As they settled in a village called Sansani, they became known as Sansanwal. They opposed the atrocities of Aurangzeb, protected Hindu Dharma, and established a new capital. An ancestor from this gotra, named Brij Raj, ruled over a territory called Brij, which was named after him. This gotra’s ancestors had returned from Dwarka, and their capital was Mathura, during the 64th generation of King Brij Raj.

Hukum Singh Panwar writes that the Bharatpur rulers of the Sinsinwar gotra originated from Shini in the lineage of Krishna.

Hukum Singh Panwar provides the genealogy of the Bharatpur rulers starting from Yadu. Shini is listed at No. 38 and Krishna at No. 43 as follows:

Yadu → 34. Andhaka → 35. Bhajmana → 36. Viduratha → 37. Shura → 38. Shini → 39. Bhoja → 40. Hardika → 41. Devamidha → 42. Vasudeva → 43. Krishna → 44. Pradyumna

This gotra of Jats is found in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh in India. The Sinsinwars were rulers of the princely state of Bharatpur. Before the formation of Bharatpur state, their capital was Sinsini. This was also the gotra of Maharaja Suraj Mal of Bharatpur. Many Sinsinwars use Faujdar as their surname. The city of Karauli was founded by the Sinsinwars.

Sinsini was formerly known as ‘Shoorsaini,’ and its inhabitants were called Saursen. The influence of the Saursen people is evident from the fact that the dialect of northern India was once known as ‘Saursaini.’

The Saursen people were Chandravanshi. Lord Krishna was also born in the Vrishni branch of Chandravansh. A group of Yadavas in Sindh followed Shiva and Vedic gods. Some inscriptions and coins from these people have been found in Mohenjo Daro, with inscriptions mentioning ‘Shiv Shani Sevi.’ The Yajur Veda mentions ‘Shinay Swah,’ and ‘Sini Isar’ was found on a gold coin. The Atharva Veda mentions ‘Sinwali’ for Sini God.

The Yadavas who came back from Sindh to the Brij area settled in Bayana in the Bharatpur district. After some struggle, the ‘Balai’ inhabitants were forced out of Brij land by the Shodeo and Saini rulers, leading to their occupation of large areas. ‘Saur Saini’ evolved into ‘ShinShoor’ or ‘Sinsini’ after their god ‘Shin.’ The people of Sinsini became known as Sinsinwar. One group of them moved to Sugrivgarh and were known as ‘Sugrivgadhia’ or ‘Sogdians.’

Faujdar was a title awarded by Muslim rulers to individuals responsible for protecting territories. Jat gotras like Sogarwar, Chahar, Sinsinwar, Kuntal, etc., use this title.

Villages founded by the Sinsinwar clan include:

Sinsini: A village in Deeg tehsil, Bharatpur district, Rajasthan.
Bharatpur: Founded by Maharaja Surajmal (Sinsinwar) in 1733.
Badanpura: A village in Amber tehsil, Jaipur district, Rajasthan, founded by Raja Badan Singh of Bharatpur.
Deeg: The initial capital of the Jat state of Bharatpur, with a strong fortress built by Maharaja Suraj Mal in 1730. It became the second capital after Suraj Mal moved to Bharatpur.
Garoli (Garauli): A village in Deeg tehsil, Bharatpur district, Rajasthan, originating from Paijoo thok of Sinsini.
Jatpura: A village in Weir tehsil, Bharatpur district, Rajasthan.
Astawan: A village in Kumher tehsil, Bharatpur district, Rajasthan.
Jatoli Thoon: A village in Deeg tehsil, Bharatpur district, Rajasthan.
Kumher: Founded by Jat chieftain Kumbh; it was one of the four best forts of the Jats.
Pahua: A village in Kumher tehsil, Bharatpur district, Rajasthan, founded by two sons of Fateh Singh Sinsinwar.
Ajau: Founded by the second wife of Fateh Singh Sinsinwar.
Nagla Ajau: Founded by the third wife of Fateh Singh Sinsinwar.
Sihi: Founded by the fourth wife of Fateh Singh Sinsinwar.
Sarsaina: Founded by the sons of the fifth wife of Fateh Singh Sinsinwar.
Thoon: A village in Tehsil Nagar, Bharatpur district, Rajasthan.
Weir: A town in Bharatpur district, founded by Badan Singh.

Villages named after Sini:

Sini: A village in the Tantanagar block, West Singhbhum district, Jharkhand.
Sini Sidma: A village in the Seraikela-Kharsawan district, Jharkhand.

Mention in Indian epics: In the Shalya Parva of the Mahabharata (Book IX, Chapter 44, Shloka 12), various deities and divine figures are mentioned, including Siniwali.

Bhagavata Purana: According to the Bhagavata Purana, Sini was the son of Bhojamata, and his son was Bhoja. Hukum Singh Panwar states that Shini was born in the 38th generation of Yadu, indicating that the Sinsinwar gotra originated from Shini.

Jat clans linked with the Kushans: Dr. Dharmchand Vidyalankar writes that the Kushan Empire extended from Kashgar-Khotan in Central Asia to regions in Russia, including Tashkent and Samarkand-Bukhara, and stretched to Kapisa, Kamboja, and other regions in India. During this time, Mathura’s Kushan Kshatrapa was Hagmaash. His descendants, known as Haga or Agre Jats, migrated from the banks of the Hoangho River in China to Mathura and Hathras districts, where they still live.

Jats from Braj with Kushan or Yuchi ancestry, such as Haga (Agre), Chahar, Sinsinwar, Kuntal, Gandhare (Gandhar), and Sikarwar, are still present today. The author of Mathura Memoirs, Mr. Cook, mentioned that some Jats from Mathura claimed their origin from Garh-Gazni or Rawalpindi. The dense Jat population in the Kushan Empire’s regions supports their Kushan ancestry.

Sinsinwar: Thakur Deshraj mentions that the Yadu lineage includes branches like Vrishni, Andhaka, Hala, Shivaskande-Saukande, Dagur-Digaran, Khirwar-Khare, Balhara, Saran, Sinsinwal, Chhonkar, Sogarwar, Hanga, Ghanihaar, and Bhoj.

Thakur Deshraj also writes that there is a misconception about the Sinsinwars’ origin, which has led to incorrect claims about their Rajput lineage. He clarifies that their name is derived from the deity Shina, who was worshipped in Sinsini. The village name and gotra are linked to this deity, and the name Sinsini evolved from Shina or Sin.

September 8, 2024

Chahar Jat Clan Legacy

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Chahar

Chahar Jat Clan: An Overview

The Chahar Jats, also known as Chahad, Chaharag, and Chahal, are a prominent Jat community found in Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh in India. Renowned for their simplicity and honesty, Chahar Jats have been honored with titles such as Faujdar by Muslim rulers, a title bestowed upon individuals responsible for the protection of territories. This title was similarly awarded to other Jat groups like the Sinsinwar, Kuntal, and Sogarwar.

Origins and Name

The Chahar clan is believed to have origins in Afghanistan, which may have influenced the clan’s name. The clan’s name is sometimes spelled as Chahar, Chahal, Chayal, or Chahal, reflecting regional variations. In the Braj region and Rajasthan, they are known as Chahar, while those who moved from Agra to the district of Sambhal are referred to as Chahal.

Jat Gotra Namesake

The name “Chahar” is linked to historical and geographical references:

Charmae: Mentioned by Pliny, it possibly refers to the Chahar clan.
Chachar: A village in Gujranwala, Pakistan.
Chahar Burjak: A district in Nimruz Province, Afghanistan.
Chamunda: A goddess mentioned in ancient inscriptions, associated with the Chahar name.

Historical Background

According to historian Ram Swarup Joon, the Chahar clan is ancient and historically significant. They once ruled parts of Central and Southern India and were also present in Gujarat. Evidence shows their prominence in Bharatpur and Gurgaon, where they were also referred to as Faujdars. In Agra, they have 242 villages clustered together. Chahar Sikhs are scattered across Punjab, and there are numerous references to Chol Kshatriyas in the Mahabharata.

Notable historical figures include Raja Chahar Deo, who ruled the Narwar fort in Gwalior at the end of the 13th century. His reign ended around Vikram Samvat 1355, leading his descendants to migrate to the Brij Bhumi region in Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.

Another significant figure was Raja Maldeo, who ruled in Sidhmukh (Bikaner). During his rule, he fought against the Muslim army, resulting in his death and the migration of his remaining family members to Jhunjhuwati.

Ramki Chahar is celebrated for his bravery alongside Raja Khemkaran in resisting the Muslim army. The Rajatarangini mentions Charadeva in the context of battles between Uchchala and the King of Kashmir.

Greek Historical Connections

The Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC, during Alexander the Great’s era, saw Thebes, an ancient city, revolt against Alexander. Arrian’s accounts highlight the repercussions of this conflict and Alexander’s dealings with Athens. The Thebans’ revolt and subsequent destruction may hint at connections with the Chahar Jat clan, though this remains speculative.

Villages Founded by the Chahar Clan

The Chahar Jats have founded numerous villages across Rajasthan and Haryana:

Abusar, Baggar, Bakra, Bhorki: Villages in Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan.
Charwas, Charawas: Villages in Rajasthan, including Charawas founded by Gopal Chahar in 1453 AD.
Chahron Ka Bas, Dhani Chhoti Chahara Wali: Villages in Rajasthan.
Kanjan, Meghsar: Villages founded by Chahar Jats in Rajasthan.
Khudaniya, Lutoo, Nagla Chahar: More villages in Rajasthan.

Chahar Pal

The Chahar Pal encompasses 242 villages in the Chaharwati area of Agra district, making it a significant Khap. Notable villages include Akola, Veri, Jengora, and Ramnagar. This Khap has produced many distinguished leaders, such as Captain Bhagwan Singh, Ajay Singh, Ramesh Verma, and Kishori Lal.

History of the Chahar Clan

Reference: Anoop Singh Chahar, Jat Samaj Agra, November 2013, pp. 26-27

According to ancient history, during the fourth century, the Chahal (known as Chola by European historians) were rulers in Gurargan, located in Dahistan, which lay east of the Caspian Sea in Central Asia. In 438-439 CE, the Iranian Emperor Yazdgerd II launched a campaign against the Chahals. The Chahals killed Yazdgerd in the emperor’s military camp in Dahistan’s grassy plains. In 440 CE, Yazdgerd III defeated the Chahals in battle. The Chahals likely arrived in India during the fifth century, and their name is pronounced both as Chahal-Chahal and Chahar-Chahar.

The name Chahal is recognized in Greece, Central Asia, and South India as Chola, while in China, Mongolia, and Braj (India) it is known as Chahar. In Punjab, Haryana, and Pakistan, they are referred to as Chahal-Chahal. Chahal-Chahal Jats can be found in India and abroad among Muslims, Christians, Hindus, and other religions.

The Cholas are mentioned in the Ramayana, Mahabharata, accounts of Megasthenes, Ashoka’s inscriptions, and other texts. The Chahars are a branch of the Chola Jat lineage, which ruled South India during the Ramayana period and extended into northern regions during the Mahabharata period.

In the Mahabharata’s Vanaparva, Chapter 48, it is noted that the Chola ruler donated a substantial amount of wealth to King Yudhishthira’s Rajasuya sacrifice:

“Yatra sarvan mahipalāñ shastratejo bhayārthitān
Svaṅgāṅgān sapauṇḍra uḍrān sa-chol thara-viḍāndhakān” (III.48.18)

In the Sabha Parva, Chapter 24 of the Mahabharata, Arjuna’s conquest of the Chola kingdom is mentioned among the northern territories:

“Tataḥ suhmāṃś cha cholāṃś cha kirīti pāṇḍavarṣabhaḥ
Sahitaḥ sarva-sainyena prāmadad Kurunandhanaḥ” (II.24.20)

The Mahabharata’s Bhishma Parva, Chapter 10, describes the geography of Bharatvarsha, including the Chola state among the southern kingdoms:

“Karnikāḥ kuntikāś chaiva saubhidā nalakālikāḥ
Kaukuttakās tadā cholāḥ koṅkaṇā mālavāṇakāḥ” (VI.10.58)

In Chapter 46 of the Bhishma Parva, the Chola king is listed with other southern states:

“Bāhlikās tittirāś chaiva cholāḥ pāṇḍyāś cha bhārata
Ete janapathā rājan dakṣiṇaṃ pakṣam āśritāḥ” (VI.46.50)

In the eighth century, the Chola dynasty ruled over Jats in South India, encompassing most of Tamil Nadu and Mysore.

In the ninth century, the Chola dynasty established its rule over the remnants of the Pallavas. The founders of the Chola dynasty were Vijayapala Narkeshari (850-891 CE), with their capital at Tanjap (Tanjore or Tanjavur). The dynasty had many valiant rulers, including Rajendra Chola II (1051–1063 CE) and Rajaraja Chola (1063–1070 CE). After Kulottunga (1070–1120 CE), the dynasty’s rulers weakened, and by the 14th century, the Chola dynasty was defeated by the Chalukyas and Malik Kafur.

September 8, 2024

The Kuntal (कुंतल/कुन्तल) Gotra

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Kuntal Kuntal

Kuntal Gotra: A Detailed Exploration of the Jat Clan

Introduction

The Kuntal (कुंतल/कुन्तल) Gotra, also known as Khutail (खुटैल), Khuntel (खुंटेल), Khuntal (खुंतल), and Kunthal (कुंथल), is a prominent Jat clan predominantly found in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh. This clan is part of the Chandravanshi Kshatriyas and holds a significant place in historical and cultural narratives. According to Dilip Singh Ahlawat, Kuntal is one of the ruling Jat clans in Central Asia.

Origin and Lineage

The Kuntal Gotra traces its origins to Kunti and Pandu from the Mahabharata. Kunti was born into the Kuntibhoja tribe, making her and her descendants, including the Pandavas, central figures in this lineage. The Kuntal Gotra is considered a sub-clan of the Tomar (तोमर/तँवर) Gotra, and traditionally, marriages between individuals of the Kuntal and Tomar Gotras are prohibited due to their shared lineage. Historically, Kuntal was referred to as Arjunayana.

Historical Background

According to Ram Swarup Joon, the Khontal (Kantal) Gotra emerged during the Vedic period as a royal dynasty. This Gotra is notably present in the Agra district and was one of the four primary Gotras in the Bharatpur state.

The Mahabharata mentions two Kuntala countries, one to the north and another to the south. The southern Kuntalas fought against the Kauravas (Mahabharata VI.47.12). The Kuntala tribe from the Mahabharata is believed to be synonymous with the Jat Gotra of Kuntal.

B.S. Dahiya highlights that the Kuntals are mentioned in the Markandeya Purana and were associated with the Hunas. D.C. Sarkar confirms this association, noting that Kuntalas, also known as Khuntel Jats, were linked with the Hunas and referred to as Kunthaka in historical texts.

Kuntibhoja, mentioned in the Mahabharata, were the tribe who adopted Kunti. The Kaunteya, descendants of Pandu and Kunti, evolved into the Kuntal and Khuntail Gotras over time. Historical records from Mathura indicate that the Kunthal Jats played a significant role in defeating the Kirars, rulers of many Mathura districts.

Role in Historical Events

In the Harsha Charita, Kuntala is identified as a chief officer of cavalry and a prominent nobleman during Rajyavardhana’s reign. This account underlines the Kuntal’s significant role in historical military and administrative spheres.

Pushkar Singh alias Pakharia, a notable figure of the Khuntail Gotra, is remembered for his heroic act of breaking through the fort’s gates during an attack on Delhi by Maharaja Jawahar Singh of Bharatpur.

Sitaram Kunthal constructed a fortress named Petha near Goverdhan in the Mathura region. Another notable fortress built by the Kunthals is in Saunor. Mathura records also mention Hathi Singh, a Khuntail Jat, who reconstructed the fort of Saunkh during Maharaja Suraj Mal’s era.

Title of Faujdar

The title ‘Faujdar’ was awarded by Muslim rulers to those who were responsible for maintaining order in a territory. The Kuntal Gotra, along with other Jat Gotras like Sogarwar, Chahar, and Sinsinwar, used this title, reflecting their role in regional administration and military organization.

Notable Villages and Historical Sites

The Kuntal clan has established several notable villages:

Jatoli Rathman (जाटोली रथमान): Located in the Bharatpur tahsil of Rajasthan.
Nagla Khuntela (नगला खुन्टेला): In the Nadbai tehsil of Bharatpur district, Rajasthan.
Kuntala (कुंतला): An ancient site in Adilabad district, Telangana.
Guntur: Known as Guntlapuri, also referred to as Kuntlapuri, in Andhra Pradesh.

In Jharkhand, several villages named after Khuntel include:

खूंटा (Jat Gotra – Khuntel): Located in the West Singhbhum district.
खूंटी (Jat Gotra – Khuntel): Found in the West Singhbhum district.
खूंटपानी (Jat Gotra – Khuntel): Also in the West Singhbhum district.
खूंटी (Jat Gotra – Khuntel): Located in the Saraikela Kharsawan district.

Cultural and Historical Legacy

The Kuntal Gotra is closely associated with various historical events and cultural practices. Historical accounts and ancient texts refer to the Kuntal as an influential and esteemed group. Their contribution to regional politics, military strategies, and cultural development has left a lasting impact on the history of northern and central India.

The Gotra’s association with the Mahabharata and their roles in historical battles and constructions showcase their significant role in shaping the regional history and cultural landscape. The Kuntal’s historical narrative, marked by their valiant acts and administrative roles, continues to be a point of pride and reverence among their descendants.

Conclusion

The Kuntal Gotra is a testament to the rich historical and cultural tapestry of the Jat community. Their lineage, historical significance, and contributions to regional governance and military affairs reflect a deep and influential heritage. The Gotra’s presence in various regions and their historical achievements highlight their enduring legacy in the Indian subcontinent.

September 7, 2024

History of Magorra

Early History and Origins

हिंदी में पढ़ने के लिए फ़ाइल को डाउनलोड करें

Legacy of Meghsingh Tomar: Magorra, a village in the Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh, was founded by Meghsingh Tomar, a significant figure from the Tomar dynasty. Meghsingh Tomar established the village as part of his efforts to expand his influence and consolidate his power in the region. His legacy is central to the history of Magorra, marking the beginning of its development.

Emperor Anangpal II (1051 CE – 1081 CE): Anangpal II, also known as Anangpal Tomar, was a prominent ruler of the Tomar dynasty who reigned from 1051 CE to 1081 CE. His real name was Anangpal, and he ruled for 29 years, 6 months, and 18 days. Coins bearing his name have been discovered in Johri village in the Baghpat district, indicating his influence in the region. Anangpal II is credited with founding Delhi in 1052 CE. Historical texts like the “Pārśvanāth Charit” and “Indraprastha Prabandh” confirm his role in the establishment and administration of Delhi.

The Tomar Dynasty and Its Legacy

Descendants of Maharaja Anangpal Tomar: Maharaja Anangpal Tomar, from his queen Harako Devi, had two sons. The elder son, Sohanpal Dev, was a lifelong celibate, while the younger son, Juraradev Tomar, succeeded him and played a significant role in regional governance. Juraradev Tomar’s legacy includes eight notable sons who established various villages in the region:

Sonalpal Dev Tomar: Founded Sonoth.
Meghsingh Tomar: Established Magorra.
Fonda Singh Tomar: Founded Fonda.
Gannesha (Gyanpal) Tomar: Created Gunsara.
Ajaypal Tomar: Founded Ajaan.
Sukhram Tomar: Established Sonkh.
Chetaram Tomar: Created Chetokhera.
Batshraj Tomar: Founded Bachgaon.

Medieval and Colonial Period

Mughal and British Influence: During the medieval period, Magorra and the broader Mathura district were influenced by various regional powers, including the Mughal Empire. The Mughal administration and later British colonial policies impacted local governance and the agrarian economy. These changes shaped the development and modernization of Magorra.

Post-Independence Era

Modernization and Development: Following India’s independence in 1947, Magorra experienced significant changes and developments. Infrastructure improvements, advancements in education, and enhanced healthcare facilities have contributed to the village’s growth. The modernization efforts reflect broader rural development initiatives across India.

Cultural and Social Aspects: Magorra continues to uphold its cultural heritage while embracing modern developments. The village actively participates in local festivals and maintains traditions that reflect its historical roots.

Magorra’s history is intricately connected to the legacy of Meghsingh Tomar and the broader historical context of the Tomar dynasty. From its establishment by Meghsingh Tomar to its role in the region’s cultural and historical landscape, Magorra remains a significant part of the Mathura district’s heritage. Its history mirrors the broader trends of regional development, cultural preservation, and modernization.

Contributed by Devendra Kuntal #Devendra singh – jatslegacy.com , a Magorra-based Senior Technical Editor at the Times of India Group. We welcome any suggestions or comments.